Concept of the Ideal Family Within the Volksgemeinschaft :: German Family Masculinity History Nazi Essays

Concept of the Ideal Family Within the Volksgemeinschaft Adolf Hitler and the Nazis esteemed Aryan women as heroes in Nazi Germany because of their ability to procreate. Women had no place in such an industrial society so they were encouraged to focus on their role as a dutiful wife and mother. They contributed to the Volksgemeinschaft by constructing the future generation and making more of the Aryan race. Thus, since all women were valued as the creators of the nation’s most important product—pure Aryan people—there were no restrictions on their sexual orientation. Women were allowed to become homosexuals while men were prosecuted and imprisoned for partaking in any homosexual offences. The Nazis were fervent in preserving the concept of the ideal family within the Volksgemeinschaft, and thus they reinforced masculinity within men and instilled the significance of maternity within the women. The textbook that high school students are studying in the Santa Ana School District barely emphasizes the topic of gender in Nazi Germany. Unfortunately, these high school sophomores will not be able to understand the significance of gender nor will they be able to see Nazi Germany in a different light. The authors of the textbook, however, emphasize the maternity role of the women. The Nazis dismissed women from their upper-level occupations so they could pursue the maternal role. It was the responsibility of the women to increase the birthrate of pure-blooded Aryans. Women were even offered rewards for having more children. Although the text highlights the importance of women in their household roles, it does not offer a comparison between men and women. The Nazis stressed the importance of maintaining a utopian society within the Volksgemeinschaft. Hitler wanted to keep Germany as pure as possible—meaning no Jews, no homosexual males, nothing outside of the citizens of the Aryan race. Laws were established to preserve the Aryan purity of Nazi Germany. The Reich Penal Code of 1871 was revised in 1935 as Germany had changed under the stronghold of its new leader, Hitler. Section 175 under the revised code listed the penalties for a sex offence between males: â€Å"A male who commits a sex offence with another male or allows himself to be used by another male for a sex offence shall be punished with imprisonment.

A Proposal to Stop the Poaching of the Siberian Tiger Essays -- Argume

A Proposal to Stop the Poaching of the Siberian Tiger One of the world’s most beautiful creatures, the Siberian tiger, has been roaming earth for many years. The Siberian tiger subspecies has been subjected to many obstacles, which make it very difficult for it to survive. Their main threat is not lack of food, but â€Å"man,† one of God’s most fierce and cruel species. Because of man the tiger population has reduced to approximately 400 in the wild, and restricted their remaining habitat to the Russian Far East (Field Projects). Man has done many things to destroy the Russian Siberian tiger. They have cut down forests and moved in on the tiger’s territory, causing them to flee and become fragmented throughout Siberia making it hard for them to mate and hunt. Poaching has also made it difficult for the tiger to survive. Man has illegally killed this magnificent animal over decades for sport, food, trade, medicinal purposes, and to protect their livestock. Though man is very powerful and capable of causing the extinction of the Siberian tiger, they are also capable of helping the tiger to survive. Many people are supporting conservation organizations in order to help the surviving population of the Siberian tiger. These conservation organizations are trying to stop the annihilation of the Siberian tiger by strengthening anti-poaching patrols, establishing a compensation program for farmers, and educating people. According to researchers, â€Å"between 1990 and 1994 approximately sixty tigers were poached a year† (Field Projects). Some Russian experts predicted, â€Å"that, if no immediate measures were taken, the Siberian tiger would go extinct soon after the year 2000† (Field Projects). The Russian ministry of environment began a project... ...ob to clean up what we started and end the illegal killing and help the tiger population to expand and survive in their habitat. Many foundations have been funded in order to make this possible, it is also our job to make sure they stay in effect to eventually end the poaching of the Siberian tiger. Richard Burge noted in Riding the Tiger, â€Å"The tiger is more than a charismatic predator: it is a keystone subspecies in its environment. By saving the tiger in the world, we save complex ecosystems and habitats that would otherwise be destroyed in the relentless march of human need and, all too often, greed† (U. S. Fish & Wildlife Conservation Act). Works Cited â€Å"Field Projects.† 5 Tigers. 3 October 2001. United States Fish & Wildlife Service. Rhinocerus & Tiger Conservation Act. Summary Report 1999-2000.

Cyber Crime and Targets

The internet has put the world literally at anyone’s fingertips with a vast quantity of information is a mouse-click away. Information that was once only available in obscure reference libraries or card catalogs can be accessed by everyone. Unfortunately the internet is an equal opportunity tool, and those with virtuous as well as nefarious intentions can use this open resource to further their efforts to levels heretofore unheard of. The internet is also soapbox for free speech that epitomizes the intentions of the founding fathers to allow everyone the same opportunity to have their opinions aired.There is a line that often blurs between legitimate and illegal behavior, when does harsh criticism become bullying, when does an expression of affection become harassment and how do the authorities differentiate between someone looking up an old classmate for rekindle a friendship and stalking a former girlfriend that spurned their overtures. The constitutional protections of free speech and requirements of specificity of regulations make the criminalization of inappropriate behavior.CAUSES OF CYBER – CRIMEThere are many reasons why cyber-criminals commit cyber-crime, chief among them are these three listed below:Cyber-crimes can be committed for the sake of recognition. This is basically committed by youngsters who want to be noticed and feel among the group of the big and tough guys in the society. They do not mean to hurt anyone in particular; they fall into the category of the Idealists; who just want to be in spotlight. Another cause of cyber-crime is to make quick money. This group is greed motivated and is career criminals, who tamper with data on the net or system especially, e-commerce, e-banking data information with the sole aim of committing fraud and swindling money off unsuspecting customers.Thirdly, cyber-crime can be committed to fight a cause one thinks he believes in; to cause threat and most often damages that affect the recipients adversely. This is the most dangerous of all the causes of cyber-crime. Those involve believe that they are fighting a just cause and so do not mind who or what they destroy in their quest to get their goals achieved. These are the cyber-terrorists.HOW TO ERADICATE CYBER – CRIMEResearch has shown that no law can be put in place to effectively eradicate the scourge of cyber-crime. Attempts have been made locally and internationally, but these laws still have shot-comings. What constitutes a crime in a country may not in another, so this has always made it easy for cyber criminals to go free after being caught.These challenges notwithstanding, governments should in the case of the idealists, fight them through education not law. It has been proven that they help big companies and government see security holes which career criminals or even cyber-terrorist could use to attack them in future. Most often, companies engage them as consultants to help them build solid security for t heir systems and data.â€Å"The Idealists often help the society: through their highly mediatised and individually harmless actions, they help important organizations to discover their high-tech security holes†¦.†# The enforcement of law on them can only trigger trouble, because they would not stop but would want to defy the law. â€Å" Moreover, if the goal of the cyber-crime legislation is to eradicate cyber-crime, it mint well eradicate instead a whole new culture, in education is a much better way to prevent their actions.Another means of eradicating cyber-crime is to harmonize international cooperation and law, this goes for the greed motivated and cyber-terrorists. They can not be fought by education, because they are already established criminals, so they can not behave. The only appropriate way to fight them  is by enacting new laws, harmonize international legislations and encourage coordination and cooperation between national law enforcement agencies.WHO AR E INVOLVED:Those involved in committing cyber-crimes are in three categories and they are: THE IDEALISTS (Teenager). They are usually not highly trained or skilful, but youngsters between the ages of 13 – 26 who seek social recognition. They want to be in the spotlight of the media. Their actions are globally damageable but individually negligible. â€Å"Like denying a lot of important e-commerce servers in February, 2000 is said to have caused high damages to these companies.†# Most often they attack systems with viruses they created; their actual harm to each individual is relatively negligible. By the age of 26 to 26 when they have matured and understood the weight of their actions, they lose interest and stop.THE GREED – MOTIVATED (Career Criminals).This type of cyber-criminals is dangerous because they are usually unscrupulous and are ready to commit any type of crime, as long as it brings money to them. â€Å"They started the child pornography often calle d cyber-pornography which englobes legal and illegal pornography on the internet.†# They are usually very smart and organized and they know how to escape the law enforcement agencies. These cyber-criminals are committing grievous crimes and damages and their unscrupulousness, particularly in child-pornography and cyber-gambling is a serious threat to the society.Example to show how serious a threat they pose to the society is â€Å"the victim of the European bank of Antigua are said to have lost more than $10million†# â€Å"†¦theft of valuable trade secrets: the source code of the popular micro-soft windows exploration system by a Russian based hacker could be extremely dangerous†¦ the hackers could use the code to break all firewalls and penetrated remotely every computer equipped with windows were confirmed. Another usage could be the selling of the code to competitors.†#THE CYBER – TERRORISTS. They are the newest and most dangerous group. Thei r primary motive is not just money but also a specific cause they defend. They usually engage in sending threat mails, destroying data stored in mainly government information systems just to score their point. The threat of cyber-terrorism can be compared to those of nuclear,  bacteriological or chemical weapon threats. This disheartening issue is that they have no state frontiers; can operate from any where in the world, and this makes it difficult for them to get caught. The most wanted cyber-terrorist is Osama Bin Laden who is said to â€Å"use steganography to hide secret messages within pictures, example, a picture of Aishwarya Rai hosted on the website could contain a hidden message to blow up a building.†# A surprising fact is that these hidden messages do not alter the shape, size or look of the original pictures in any way.HOW TO DETECT A CRIMINAL MAILA criminal mail is usually sent to networks with the aim of either corrupting the system or committing fraud. The w ay to detect such mails is by putting security measures in place which would detect criminal patterns in the network. News Story by Paul Roberts, of IDG News Service says that Unisys Suite has a system called the â€Å"Unisys Active Risk Monitoring System (ARMS) which helps banks and other organizations spot patterns of seemingly unrelated events that add up to criminal activity.†#Actimize Technology Ltd based in New York has developed technology that enables organizations to do complex data mining and analysis on stored information and transaction data without needing to copy it to a separate data warehouse. â€Å"The actimize software runs on the Microsoft Corp. Windows NT or Windows 2002 platform and can be developed on standard server hardware with either four to eight processors, Katz said.†#Eric J. Sinrod in his article ‘What’s Up With Government Data Mining’ states that the United States â€Å"Federal Government has been using data mining te chniques for various purposes, from attempting to improve service to trying to detect terrorists patterns and activities.†# The most effective way to detect criminal mails is to provide security gadgets, educate employees on how to use them, and to be at alert for such mails, above all, making sure no security holes is left unattended to.CONCLUSIONIt has been deduced from this study that reliance on terrestrial laws is still an untested approach despite progress being made in many countries, they still rely on standard terrestrial laws to prosecute cyber-crimes and these laws are archaic statutes that have been in existence before the coming of the cyberspace. Also weak penalties limit deterrence: countries with updated criminal statutes still have weak penalties on the criminal statutes; this cannot deter criminals from committing crimes that have large-scale economic and social effect on the society.Also a global patchwork of laws creates little certainty; little consensus e xist among countries regarding which crimes need to be legislated against. Self-protection remains the first line of defense and a model approach is needed by most countries; especially those in the developing world looking for a model to follow. They recognize the importance of outlawing malicious computer-related acts in a timely manner or in order to promote a secure environment for e-commerce.Cyber-crime with its complexities has proven difficult to combat due to its nature. Extending the rule of law into the cyberspace is a critical step towards creating a trustworthy environment for people and businesses. Since the provision of such laws to effectively deter cyber-crime is still a work in progress, it becomes necessary for individuals and corporate bodies to fashion out ways of providing security for their systems and data.To provide this self-protection, organizations should focus on implementing cyber-security plans addressing people, process and technology issues, more reso urces should be put in to educate employees of organizations on security practices, â€Å"develop thorough plans for handling sensitive data, records and transactions and incorporate robust security technology- -such as firewalls, anti-virus software, intrusion detection tools and authentication services.By way recommendations, these kinds of actions are suggested following the weak nature of global legal protection against cyber-crime:†¢Firms should secure their network information. When organization provides security for their networks, it becomes possible to enforce property rights laws and punishment for whoever interferes with their property.†¢Laws should apply to cyber-crime—National governments still are the major authority who can regulate criminal behavior in most places in the world. So a conscious effort by government to put laws in place to tackle cyber-crimes would be  quite necessary.†¢There should be a symbiotic relationship between the firms, government and civil society to strengthen legal frameworks for cyber-security. An act has to be crime in each jurisdiction before it can be prosecuted across a border. Nation must define cyber-crimes in similar manner, to enable them pass legislation that would fight cyber-crimes locally and internationally.

Edward II Essay

Throughout Edward II, Marlowe uses a variety of stimulating techniques to present the drama as a history play. Marlowe manages to use the tradition of the chronicle or history play and develop it further producing an extremely compelling, unique piece of work. It is a play which on one hand shows structural affinities with the chronicle plays, in that it has a stirring plot with a rapid flow of incident and plenty of variety while on the other hand it has points of contact with tragedy in its attempts to show on stage heart-rending scenes filled with passionate utterances, deep pathos and high tragic dignity. This can be seen in Act four, scene two where the pace quickens as Marlowe deviates between countries. We see Edward receiving the news that Isabella, Mortimer, Kent and the young prince Edward are collecting an army in Hainault to attack on King Edward: ‘Ah villains, hath that Mortimer escaped? With him is Edmund gone associate? And will sir John of Hainault lead the round? Marlowe therefore states historical moments, which did actually occur, but real, human, affectionate feelings are also shown from Edward, which makes the drama so much more intriguing. Also, in this scene the importance of Prince Edward continues to grow in a carefully controlled way. In the midst of Edward’s anger and warlike preparations, Marlowe now has him spare a moment to think kindly of his son, whom he describes as a ‘little boy’: ‘Ah, nothing grieves me but my little boy If thus misled to countenance their ills. ‘ Here, Marlowe shows the sentimental, humane feelings of Edward, human emotions we usually do not experience in history plays. In Edward II it is therefore made clear that the characters not only sustain its plot but also carry the emotional burden of the play. He has struck a balance between a plot whose events are directed by its hero and one, which develops independently of him and reacts upon him. The historical evidence is presented in a form that is dramatic and vivid in our minds therefore producing a thought-provoking, emotional drama.

Advancement opportunities as a professional nurse

Nursing is one of the fastest growing professions in the healthcare sector.   More than 60 % of the nurses work in hospitals, and the remaining work in the physicians practices, clinics, research centers, governmental organizations, etc.   With relation to advancements, nurses have several in relation to the field that they have chosen.   Advancements depend on experience, training, skills and knowledge.If a nurse possesses advanced knowledge and skills, they could be considered for a promotion.   The chances of growing for nurses professionally are unlimited.   However, nurses would also have to upgrade their knowledge by attending continuing education programs, workshops, etc (Healthcare Careers, 2007 & Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 2007).A staff nurse can be promoted to a nursing supervisor or head nurse.   She would play a supervisory role and ensure that a small team of nurses delivers appropriate patient care.   A staff nurse could also be promote d onto a managerial post depending on the experience and training received.They would play a role in the management, marketing, quality assurance, monitoring and planning out the clinical services.   Such nurses would be having a leadership role (Healthcare Careers, 2007 & Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 2007).Nurses also play a major role to play in clinical research and could seek advancement of positions in this field also.   Nurses would play a major role in drug trials.   They would participate in several activities such as the informed control process, ensuring that the protocol is followed and implemented, administering the drugs to the patient, determining the response to treatment (including benefits and risks), etc.   Nursing would be working as ‘study coordinator’ in the field and would report directly to the principal investigator.   Nurses frequently provide data regarding safety issues, and feasibility to the principal investigator s.   They also ensure that the regulatory guidelines are being followed.The position of nurses in the field of nurses could also be advanced.   They could be placed in specialized positions in which the study is highly specialized to one specialty or super-specialty of medicine such as psychiatry, molecular medicine, neurology, oncology, etc.   Such nurses would be dealing with advanced forms of drug therapy and using advanced devices in biomedical research.They would more closely have to monitor implementation of the protocol and management of the patient.   Nurses would be enjoying greater independence and more responsibilities when their positions are advanced.   They would be playing a leadership role controlling the activities of several other nurses who would be working under them (Stromberg, 2007).References:Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (2007), Professional Development, Retrieved October 4, 2007, from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center We b site: http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/careers/nursing/ed.htmHealthcare Careers (2007), Employment and Advancement Opportunities for Registered Nurses, Retrieved October 4, 2007, from Healthcare Careers Web site: http://www.health-care-careers.org/registered-nurse-career-employment.htmlStromberg, S. (2007), Clinical Research Nurses — Safeguarding Clinical Trials, Retrieved October 4, 2007, from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Web site: http://www.mdanderson.org/publications/conquest/display.cfm?id=ad4b5b2d-e960-4129-8cabc56c89f96769&method=displayfull&pn=b52ca1cb-dc3f-4683-b023d13993bfdd62

Executive Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Executive Summary - Essay Example Annual reports are the basis on how stockholders and others view the performance of an organization, influencing their decision to retain the stocks or not. The annual report consists of a financial section and a possible narrative section. The financial section remains accurate, because of the attention paid to it by the auditors. The decision to have a narrative section and what it contains is decided by the organization, which is influenced by their financial position. Graphs in the narrative section play an important part in the comprehension of the narrative section. Yet, the graphic designer through selection of graph type, color, scale, and emphasis, and the like, can manipulate the perception of the reader of the narrative section. The distortion of graphs in narrative section is clearly established through several studies. For example, the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants in 1993 reports fifteen different ways in which distortion in graphs can occur. Evaluation of financial graphics and the actual financial data in annual reports confirm the use of such graphic distortion. Results of the literature review demonstrate that there is manipulation in selection and preparation of graphic representation that have implications for accountancy-related issues, international opinions, and the communications intended through the annual reports. However, a key question that remains unanswered is whether company size has any role to play in the manipulation of graphical representation in annual reports (Penrose, 2008). This article presents the problem of the requirement for writing skills in accounting firms. Many of the bright university students choose to work in accounting firms. In this era of globalization, writing skills in accounting firms have gained in importance, raising the questions as to the specific requirements of writing skills in accounting firms, whether these needs

Major Educational Issues in Further Education Essay

Major Educational Issues in Further Education - Essay Example All these issues are current concern to further education. Further Education has, therefore, become not only a national but also an international movement in view of its widespread global application. From among all above mentioned issues of further education, more important one appears to be specially the context of retention and achievement - its ever dynamic enhancement and persistent maintenance of higher standards. This is not possible without pupil-teachers -- at City & Guilds Certificate on Further Education Teaching Stage 2 - perfecting their teaching-learning skills. Two questions arise while writing about this matter: According to Learning and Skills Council (LSC), overall level of retention and achievement generally varies between 66 to 87 per cent among youth of 16 to 19 years (Government of United Kingdom, LSC) after due training. What is more important here is maintaining a consistent performance on the higher side of teaching and learning through dynamic and skilful efforts towards an excellent retention and achievement levels. How it is to be done S. Wallace has an interesting and revealing perspective in this matter. This author writes quite analytically: For a student teacher, or a teacher at the beginning of his or her career, it is usually (and understandably) the case that the focus of his or her anxieties, and therefore his or her planning, is upon the performance of teaching rather than upon the achievement of learning. I use the word 'performance' here advisedly, because the inexperienced or student teacher tends to envisage a lesson as a time to be filled by his or her own activity. They have to be 'teaching' all the time - which can mistakenly be taken to mean doing all the talking, making themselves the constant focus of the class, having to fill any potential silence with words. This, ironically, may mean the students have less opportunity to learn and that the teacher has no time to focus on whether they are doing so. If we remember, however, that the primary objective is about students' learning and that this, after all, is what all the teaching is for, we can begin to adjust our focus and to recognise that the careful pl anning, implementation and recording of assessment are central to what the lesson is about. It's not just about teaching; it's about learning. The teaching is only a means to that end (Wallace 64). Retention and achievement are clearly related to teaching and learning skills and maintaining quantitative alongwith qualitative levels of excellence through further education, continued and periodic updating of skills, and use of every possible tool for obtaining information, knowledge, experience and continuous self-assessment. How to impart information and knowledge is