Inspector Goole in J.B.Priestley’s play, An Inspector Calls :: English Literature

What is the function of Inspector Goole in J.B.Priestley’s play, An Inspector Calls? An Inspector Calls was written in 1945 by John Boynton Priestley. The play was set in 1912 two years before the first world war so from this their would have been irony as the audience would know. The play is set in a dining room in the Birling’s residence in Brumley, North Midlands which was a fictional industrial city. At the time the play was set the world was a very class conscience place with higher and lower class depending on one thing: money. The country was set up in two categories with the socialists which consists of the Political System in which ways of community and sharing are promoted and capitalists which is the political system which values private ownership and the individual. The country really was involved around capitalist values. For example there was no welfare state. In this essay I will be focusing on the main functions of the inspector. The inspectors role is a key to the plot and conclusion and delivers morals and principles and how the functions of the inspector get used in specific places throughout the play. The play opens with the Birling family and Gerald celebrating the engagement of Gerald and Sheila. It is dramatically effective because you get to see all the characters in one room therefore seeing their personalities, instead of them being introduced one-by-one. They are celebrating and at ease which means they are a little bit drunk. The mood is very relaxed and everyone having a nice time. From the stage directions it says the mood is â€Å"pink and intimate†. We learn from Mr.Birling that he is selfish and a capitalist from his speech. He sums himself up within the opening of the play saying â€Å"that a man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own-and-†(act one page 11) this indicates that he is a selfish man and cares for his family only (Mr.Birling is a capitalist). The mood is soon to change from relaxed and chilled to harsh when the inspector arrives. At the last word of Mr. Birlings speech the door bell rings at the right time to create tension, the doorbell ring was purposely put their to create tension and to stop Birling preaching about capitalist views. Its clever even how one word â€Å"and† can be such a tensional word as the door bell rings. In the stage directions â€Å"the lighting should be pink and intimate until the inspector arrives, and then it should be brighter and harder† it changes to as if all the characters were being

Malaysian Culture

Malaysian Culture. INTRODUCTION : Malaysia’s has a multicultural and multiethnic population consisting of Malays, Chinese, Indians and Bumiputra of Sarawak and Sabah, in which people of different religions, countries of origins and race live in a peaceful and harmonious society has influenced its arts and culture. Each of Malays, Chinese, Indians and Bumiputra celebrates different festivities that they hold from their great great grandparents. BODY : 1) First of all, Malays are the largest community in Malaysia. Hari Raya Puasa and Hari Raya Haji are the most significant festivities that they celebrate with families and friends.Hari Raya Puasa, the day of celebration of marking the end of Ramadan (which is a month-long period where fasting takes place from sunrise to sunset) is the biggest event of the Muslim calendar. This is a time when you will see Malay families dressed up in their best traditional outfit like baju kurung and baju Melayu to mark this special occasion. Simi lar to the Chinese during Chinese New Year, the Malays also have the tradition of giving Angpau but on this occasion it is known as duit raya and is given in green packets.Being a Malay and Muslim in Malaysia, the tradition is that, once a year during the festival of Hari Raya Aidilfitri, they prepare luxurious festive food such as ketupat, beef rendang, lemang, satay and the Raya cookies. Then, Hari Raya Haji is celebrated approximately after 70 days the celebrations of Hari Raya Aidilfitri. The ancient Muslim festival of  Hari Raya Haji, also known as the â€Å"Festival of Sacrifice† that is celebrated over two days by Muslims worldwide. The festival starts off with prayers by male volunteers and the sacrifice of sheep, goats and cows to symbolize Phophet Ibrahim’s readiness to sacrifice his own flesh and blood. ) Next, the second major population is the Chinese people. They celebrate Chinese New Year, Mid-Autumn Festival and Hungry Ghost Festival. The date of the Chinese New Year is determined by the lunar calendar and it often falls annually in either January or February. Being a major event on the Chinese calendar, the Chinese residents celebrate this occasion in stylish red or gold colours. Spring cleaning for this festive season is essential to most Chinese and it is a common sight to see red pieces of paper with Chinese calligraphy bearing good wishes placed onto doors and walls.The distribution of Angpau  (red packets containing money) by parents and relatives to unmarried children is a common practice during this festive season. The Mid-Autumn Festival also known as Lantern Festival which falls on the 15th day of the eighth Chinese Lunar Calendar. This is a historical festival rather than a religious one. It marks the successful rebellion against the Mongol ruler dated back in 14th century China. Legend has indicated that the secret about a plot against the Mongolians was hidden inside the moon cake and the moon cake was distributed widely. Lanterns were used at night as signals from higher grounds and hilltop.Today, this festival is celebrated with moon cakes and lantern hanging in the house. The lantern and the moon cakes have attracted many children and adults attention. Next, the seventh month of the lunar calendar is when the hungry ghost festival is celebrated. This event is a traditional Chinese festival celebrated worldwide by Chinese people and it involves the offering of food and burning of offerings for example incense and papier-mache material items such as clothes, gold, cars and houses as a form of ancestor worship with the meaning of extending filial piety from descendants to their ancestors even after their deaths.These offerings can be seen along roadsides and on open grounds as a means of appeasing and respecting the departed. In some areas of Malaysia you may even have the chance watching the Chinese operas which are staged to entertain the wandering spirits. During this festival, puppet sho ws are traditionally held along with live singing performances. 3) Deepavali is one of the significant events celebrated by the Indians. This is a festival when Indian communities are filled with lights, music, scents, arts and performances. Known also as the â€Å"Festival of lights†, it is an occasion of celebration for both Hindus and Sikhs.It marks the beginning of a New Year for certain North Indians, while some believe that the departed souls of relatives will descend during this time and rows of tiny oil lamps are used to guide them on a journey to the next world. During this festival, new clothes are worn, and vibrant and colourful lights, festive bazaars and cultural activities enliven the streets of the Indian communities across Malaysia. 4) Next, we move on to the Bumiputra. In Sarawak, Gawai Dayak  marks the important date for the Ibans ethnic group and marks the end of the paddy rice harvest season.The Ibans invite their friends, family and people from differen t ethnic groups to join in the gaiety celebrated in their longhouses. At the beginning of the ceremony, prayer is usually led by the tribal chief as a traditional way of seeking blessings from the gods, followed by dances performed by men wearing warrior attire. This is followed by the most important part of the ceremony; the miring, a ritual performed by the elderly who simultaneously mutter a chant for peace, safety, protection and a plentiful harvest in the next season. In Sabah, Tadau Kaamatan is a harvesting celebration held by the Kadazandusuns ethnic groups of Sabah.This is a celebration of thanksgiving offered to the rice gods by the farmers. Thus prayers are also held in hope for an ample harvest the following year. They give thanks to the gods and spirits for blessings and a good paddy harvest. Sabah natives wear their traditional costumes and enjoy a carnival-like atmosphere, which is usually stretches from dawn to dawn. Tapai, their homemade rice wine is freely served du ring the festivities. Then, there is the Unduk Ngadau, a traditional beauty contest, in which, the fairest in the land will participate, and a Kaamatan Queen will be selected.This is however no ordinary beauty contest, as it apparently owes its origins to the legend or story of the Kadazandusun’s genesis and their creator, Kinoingan’s sacrifice of his only daughter, Huminodun for the love of his people. Besides that, Christmas Day, which is held annually on Dec 25th, Christians celebrate the Nativity, or the birth of Christ. Here in Malaysia, since we live in a multi cultural country with no snow, all Malaysians tend to celebrate this festive seasons visiting friends and families. Shopping malls put up their decorations and lights and Christians put their Christmas trees up one to two weeks before Christmas.As with everywhere, Christmas preparations are done up to the last minute of December 24th. On Christmas Eve, Christians dress up in their new clothes and go to chu rch for midnight services. Before mass begins they normally have sketches or plays by the children and Christmas carolling. In most Christian homes, it is a tradition to say a short prayer before doing anything else. After the prayers most families have wine and fruit cake to toast Christmas. After this, gifts are exchanged and they snap plenty of photos of the person opening the gifts. Once the excitement has died down they head on to bed.On Christmas day, families have a feast and this is the time when friends of all faiths make their rounds to wish Merry Christmas. Some visitors bring presents and gifts. The children laugh with joy as they receive gifts and money in a modified version of ‘ang-pow' from friends and relatives. CONCLUSION : Each ethnic group has its own underlying culture that separates it from the others, and they have achieved different levels of integration. Perhaps the easiest way to begin to understand the highly complex cultural interaction which is Mala ysia is to look at the open door policy maintained during religious festivals.Although Malaysia's different cultural traditions are frequently maintained by seemingly self-contained ethnic communities, all of Malaysia's communities open their doors to members of other cultures during a religious festival, to tourists as well as neighbours. Such inclusiveness is more than just a way to break down cultural barriers and foster understanding. It is a positive celebration of a tradition of tolerance that has for millennia formed the basis of Malaysia's progress.

Child Poverty As A Barrier To Participation Education Essay

Child poorness has been identified as a major barrier to engagement in the United Kingdom. Poverty can be said to be a deficiency of basic human demands like H2O, nutrient, vesture, shelter and instruction due to the inability to afford these basic demands. A kid is deemed to be populating in poorness if the resources available to the kid are so unequal as to prevent such a kid from holding a criterion of life that is regarded to be acceptable by the society. ‘Child poorness is a important deficiency of the basic needs that kids need for healthy physical, mental, religious and emotional development. Child poorness is besides defined as a deficiency of chances ( capableness want ) , a deficiency of control over one ‘s life, and involves societal isolation and prejudiced intervention at the custodies of others ‘ . ( Gordon, D, Adelman, L, Ashworth, K, Bradshaw, J, Levitas, R, Middleton, S, Pantazis, C, Patsios, D, Payne, S, Townsend, P & A ; Williams, J. , 2000 ) . Childs are populating in poorness if the stuff and non-material resources available to them are so unequal that they are denied a criterion of life which is regarded as acceptable by a society. One manner by which poorness limits the engagement of kids in the United Kingdom is societal exclusion. Social exclusion has been described as a state of affairs where there is insufficiency in the operation of the societal subsystems. ‘This includes exclusion from the societal system, a public assistance province whose failure leads to impoverishment, household and community systems that lead to exclusion from societal dealingss, and the power distribution system. ‘ ( Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, 2000 ) It is of import to observe the non-monetary facet of poorness and want, as this will enable us to acquire a better apprehension of the effects of economic adversity and how low income relates to miss of resources. ‘There are less quantifiable facets of poorness, such as non being able to see friends and relations. ‘ ( Pantazis and Ruspini, 2006 ) . Harmonizing to UNICEF, ‘Children life in poorness are deprived of nutrition, H2O and sanitation installations, entree to basic health-care services, shelter, instruction, engagement and protection. While a terrible deficiency of goods and services hurts every human being, it is most baleful and harmful to kids, go forthing them unable to bask their rights, to make their full potency and to take part as full members of the society ‘ ( UNICEF, 1998 ) Traveling by official statistics, kid poorness tendencies in the United Kingdom are non really encouraging. After a period of betterment in the sixtiess, kid poorness in the United Kingdom has worsened over the last three decennaries. Child poorness rates in the universe ‘s wealthiest states vary from under 3 % to over 25 % . ‘In the conference tabular array of comparative kid poorness, the bottom four topographic points are occupied by the United Kingdom, Italy, the United States, and Mexico. ‘ ( McGuigan, Claire, 2003 ) Anti discriminatory pattern and policy Although child poorness can originate from unfairness and misdemeanor of rights, it can besides in itself, be a cause of unfairness and strip the kids from being able to claim their rights. When a kid lacks the resources or is unable to claim his or her rights, this can in itself be seen to be an unfairness. Pulling upon theory, Child poorness is non merely a map of low income, but besides depends on entree to services. ‘Child poorness includes a deficiency of income and productive resources to guarantee sustainable supports ; hungriness and malnutrition ; sick wellness ; limited or deficiency of entree to instruction and other basic services ; increased morbidity and mortality from unwellness ; homelessness and unequal lodging ; insecure environments and societal favoritism and exclusion. It is besides characterized by deficiency of engagement in determination devising and in civil, societal and cultural life. ‘ ( Howarth, C, Kenway, P, Palmer, G & A ; Miorelli, R. , 1999 ) Legislation After coming into power, the Labor authorities announced that it was committed to eliminating child poorness by the twelvemonth 2020, and the Prime Minister announced the debut of Child Poverty statute law in September 2008. The authorities went in front to put out interim marks which included a decrease of kid poorness by 50 per centum before 2010. Ireland besides set an extra end of extinguishing terrible kid poorness by the twelvemonth 2012. Estimates revealed that about 43,000 kids were populating in terrible poorness across the United Kingdom. ( Howarth, C, Kenway, P, Palmer, G & A ; Miorelli, R. , 1999 ) . The interim mark of cut downing child poorness by 50 per centum before 2010 has likely non been met. The Child Poverty Act 2010 was besides passed on the 26th of March 2010. The Child Poverty Act is a United Kingdom piece of statute law which requires England, Scotland and Northern Ireland to set in topographic point schemes that describe the activities to be undertaken to undertake child poorness. Despite the statute law and policy enterprises of the authorities aimed at child poorness decrease, there is n't much grounds that any sustainable advancement has been made in the country of child poorness riddance in the United Kingdom. ‘This led to a renewed authorities thrust for degeneration, as expressed in the Home Office-led Together We Can initiative to acquire sections working together across boundaries to accomplish greater community engagement. ‘ ( Howarth, C, Kenway, P, Palmer, G & A ; Miorelli, R. , 1999 ) Valuess Basically, child poorness leads to a state of affairs in which kids are denied picks and chances and their human self-respect is violated. Child poorness consequences in a deficiency of a basic capacity to take part efficaciously in society. Poor kids are besides more susceptible to force, and are frequently forced to populate in fringy or delicate environments without entree to basic comfortss. Children life in poorness suffer disproportionately as a consequence of hungriness, famishment and disease, and have lower life anticipation ( Ruspini E. , 2000 ) . The universe wellness organisation has noted that ‘malnutrition and hungriness are the most serious menaces to the universe ‘s public wellness, with malnutrition being the biggest subscriber in child mortality, as it is present in approximately 50 per centum of all instances. ‘ ( Hodgkin, Rachel and Peter Newell, 2002 ) Harmonizing to Peter Townsend, ‘Poverty may besides be understood as an facet of unequal societal position and unjust societal relationships, experienced as societal exclusion, dependence, and diminished capacity to take part, or to develop meaningful connexions with other people in society. Unless there is monolithic investing in kids we will head for economic calamity. ‘ ( Townsend, P. , 1995 p.11 ) Attitudes Proper health care is widely unavailable to hapless kids. ‘Each twelvemonth, every bit many as 11 million kids populating in poorness dice before making the age of 5. ‘ ( Baro, Daniela, 2002 ) Recent surveies suggest that there is a high hazard of instruction under accomplishment for kids born into poorness as these kids are likely to non even finish their secondary instruction. Engagement is a basic right, non a privilege. Every kid has the right to take part in affairs that concern him or her. ‘Every kid has the right to entree relevant information, show his or her positions, be involved in determinations impacting him or her, and signifier or articulation associations. Child engagement is non about a few kids stand foring other kids at a few particular child engagement events. Childs have the right to take part in the household, in school, kid public assistance places, orphanhoods, media, in community, and at national and international degrees. ‘ ( Holmstr ‘m, Leif. , 2000 ) It is hence of kernel that the Government Acts of the Apostless rapidly in order to protect the rights of kids in the United Kingdom so as to forestall a state of affairs in which kids in poorness have to endure the womb-to-tomb disadvantages of childhood poorness.

Pico Paper

Are kidney patients who received a radical nephrectomy at a higher risk of impaired renal function and cardiac related death compared to those who received a partial nephrectomy? Kiara Wilson Nursing 3163 Dr. Linda Upchurch November 12, 2012 Background Are kidney patients who received a partial nephrectomy at a lower risk of impaired renal function and cardiac related death compared to those who received a radical nephrectomy? When a patient is diagnosed with kidney damage, a surgical nephrectomy is often performed. Kidney damage may be caused by blocked blood vessels, kidney stones, masses, infection, and/or kidney cancer.With this procedure the kidney damage may be treated and also prevent further damage. A partial nephrectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a portion of the kidney. Partial nephrectomies are normally done laparoscopically with hand assistance or with robot assistance. A radical nephrectomy involves removing the kidney and the adrenal glands. A radical nephrectomy may be done laparoscopically or by open abdominal surgery. My patient was diagnosed with damage of the left kidney. Blood tests were performed and the patient was found to have a toxic WBC granulation. This toxic granulation led infection, inflammation and sepsis.An abdominal and pelvic CT scan found a 7. 8 x 5. 6 x 6. 2 cm, solid, enhancing left lower pole renal mass and parasitic vessels in the infected area. A hand assisted partial laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed. They removed the lower portion of her left kidney. The kidney was to be tested for malignancy. The concern with my patient is that she has a past medical history of hypertension, anemia, and deep vein thrombosis. She is at an increased risk of further cardiac and renal complications. I believe these factors influenced the doctors’ decision to perform a partial nephrectomy instead of taking the radical approach.To find research on this kidney condition, I accessed the Galileo database. I searched for infor mation on ways to treat renal masses and kidney cancer. I found multiple articles about laparoscopic and radical (open) nephrectomies. I found many articles that discussed the differences between the two and the affects they have on patients who receive them. I found an interesting study called â€Å"Partial Nephrectomy Is Associated with Improved Overall Survival Compared to Radical Nephrectomy in Patients with Unanticipated Benign Renal Tumours. I found it interesting because it was relevant to the health issues that were being addressed with my patient. There millions kidney patients who undergo these procedures each year. I wanted to discover which procedure provided the best outcome for my patient and others with similar kidney problems. Purpose According to this study, â€Å"a partial nephrectomy has been associated with improved overall survival in patients with localized renal masses compared to those who received a radical nephrectomy† (Weight, 2010).The purpose of this study is to test the overall survival rate of patients who had unanticipated renal masses. Another objective of this study is to also study the effect of these procedures on cardiac specific survival rates and other causes of death related to decreased kidney function. Hypothesis The hypothesis for this study are that the use of partial nephrectomies would be first line of treatment compared to radical nephrectomies in that partial nephrectomies provide better protection of renal function. Decreased renal function will lead to a low survival rate.Patients who undergo radical nephrectomies will have higher rate of cardiac related deaths Design A seven year, nonrandomized study was conducted using 499 participants. Of these 499 particiapants, 111 patients had received a radical nephrectomy while 388 patients received a partial nephrectomy. The choice of which surgery to do was left of the surgeon and the patient’s preferences. They took into consideration the mass size, th e appearance, the patient’s current health, life expectancy and the comfort of the surgeon in making their decisions.The patient’s comorbidities were assessed using the Charlson-Romano Comorbidity Index. Each patient’s vital signs were acquired using the Social Security Death Index. Anyone without a Social Security Number was excluded. The cause of death information from the patients’ medical records was reviewed. From there the participants were further categorized by the condition that caused the death. Cardiac deaths ranged from death related to ischemic heart disease, CHF, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.Renal deaths were broken down into death related to renal failure, renal insufficiency, or nephritic syndrome. All other possible causes of death were group together. Perioperative, postoperative data and renal function tests were collected before and after the procedures. Preoperative data was used to create the propensity model that was utilized in a multivariate model of survival. They measured the overall survival rate of the participants and cardiac specific survival rates. Findings Radical nephrectomies are greatly associated with an increased risk of death from any cause.Patients with unanticipated benign tumors that were treated with RN were more likely to die from any related health problem than those treated with PN. Participants who received a radical nephrectomy were more likely to be older, with high comorbidity scores, and larger tumors. Those with smaller masses and tumors were more likely to have a partial nephrectomy. Radical nephrectomies are associated with an increased risk of death by 2 folds from any cause. The risk of cardiovascular death was substantially higher in those with decreasing post-operative renal function.Decreased kidney function was related to an increase in cardiovascular death and death from any other cause in overall majority patient s. Sixteen participants died of cardiac related deaths. Renal preservation was increased in the group that had the partial nephrectomy with majority of the patients having an eGFR above 60 %. Radical nephrectomy participants only had an eGFR of 30 % or lower. The higher eGFR is associated with an increase chance of survival in PN patients. Discussion Previous studies indicate that postoperative impaired renal function plays a role in the overall survival of patients with renal masses.The data concluded that no matter which surgery was performed there would be a decrease in kidney function. However, those patients who received a PN had a remarkable lower decrease in renal function. It can be stated that patients have decreased function are at an increased risk of cardiac related death and death by other causes. For many of those who don’t die from cardiac related death it can be concluded that other conditions that cause death are worsened by renal insufficiency. This study wa s relevant to the PICO question I asked.This study answered my question and provided the information necessary to make it a valid question. I believe the limitations to this study are that the researchers did not randomize their study. They picked which participants they thought would influence their study. The strengths of this article are that is discusses the importance of preserving renal function when performing a nephrectomy. It also provides evidence that patients should be educated on the risks of death and further complications associated with their procedures. It could allow for better planning and managing of the care for these patients.Implications As a nurse it would be my responsibility to knowledgeable about procedures such as these and how they will affect my patient. It would be my job to educate the patients on what to expect from this surgery and what it means for their health. I could also use this information to better assess patients before and after these proc edures. This research provides material that could be used to better treat and prevent life threatening conditions that could arise after surgery. References Landman, D. (2006). Open Partial Nephrectomy.Retrieved November 9, 2012, from Kidney Cancer Institute: www. kidneycancerinstitute. com/open-partial-nephrec. html Landman, D. (2006). Open Radical Nephrectomy. Retrieved November 9, 2012, from Kidney Cancer Institute: www. kidneycancerinstitute. com/open-radical-nephrec. html Weight, C. J. , & Leiser, G. (2010, April 29). Partial Nephrectomy Is Associated with Improved Overall Survival. EUROPEAN UROLOGY, 58, 293-298. Evaluation (to be completed by instructor)| Possible Points| Actual Points| Introduction of clinical problemComments:| 20| | Purpose/Aim of the study/articleComments:| 10| |Theoretical framework of the study/articleComments:| n/a| | Hypotheses/QuestionsComments:| 5| | DesignComments:| 5| | FindingsComments:| 10| | DiscussionComments:| 25| | ImplicationsComments:| 20| | ReferencesComments:| 5| | Grade| 100/100| /100| PICO Paper Grading Rubric (submit, along with PICO OAT form, with your paper) Student Name: _Kiara Wilson______________Date: November 12, 2012_____________ Are kidney patients who received a radical nephrectomy at a higher risk of impaired renal function and cardiac related death compared to those who received a partial nephrectomy?

Characteristics of Just Laws And Views Essay

A just law has a number of widely recognized characteristics. A just law is characterized by the following: –treats all people equally The notion of equality is an important aspect of the law. Although a just law may be providing equality it doesn’t always occur that way. For example, a wealthy person may be able to afford legal representation, but those people who can’t afford legal representation will be disadvantaged and will not have an equal opportunity before the law. –is based on generally held religious or ethical precepts The common law legal system is the product of various historical influences, many of which were the religious and moral viewpoints of different times. In today’s society, ethics and how they coincide with the law are being replaced by the need for the law to protect society as a whole and consider economic interests. –is utilitarian Utilitarianism is the theory which suggests the law aims to ensure the greatest possible happiness for the greatest possible number of people. –stresses consensus and social cohesion above all Democracy helps create legal consensus. Democratic processes provide all citizens within the state with the opportunity to develop or create the law. Democratic processes will generally require a majority or consensus to bring a law into being. Democratic processes are designed to endure the survival and well being of the community through stressing consensus. –allows for general principles to be mitigated in individual cases Mitigation allows for fairness. The law attempts to treat everyone equally; that = everyone in similar situations is taxed the same, everyone who commits the same crime is given the same penalty. However the courts have discretion to reduce the penalty according to the circumstances. — aims to redress inequalities –It leaves people free To the extent that people do not break the law, a just law will leave people free. –It takes into account of limitations in material resources. –It can be invoked without undue delay. A just law should deal with a legal problem or dispute as soon as practicable after that problem or dispute arises. This is because people’s memories fade and so their evidence becomes less reliable as time passes. But this is not always the case, as currently the Australian legal system has lengthy delays and cases take long periods of time to reach the courts. Formal Equality – theory side of the actual practice. Here in theory everyone in Australia is treated equally and given the same opportunities Institutionalized equality- this is the practical side to it. Although it seems everyone in Australia is equal there are people in sub groups in society who are part of a minority and aren’t able to benefit from the opportunities. E.g. of formal equality: Everyone has to right to access the law. Everyone has the right to vote EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY-Equal treatment of people in access to employment and services. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..So everyone has the right to apply for a job. They have equal rights to a safe working environment. (work cover). Everyone has the equal opportunity to access the minimum wage. EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW-Everyone is treated equally in their dealings with the law. E.g. The rule of law. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦So everyone has the implied right to legal representation. All Australian citizens are allowed to contest evidence put forward during court (natural justice – cross examination). EQUALITY OF OUTCOMES-A practice whereby the law, policy or precedent aims to ensure that, regardless of educational or socioeconomic background, or inequality of opportunity, the result of certain exercises will be equality†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..so legal aid, if people aren’t able to afford legal representation they are given the opportunity to apply for legal aid. Does formal equality before the law hides institutionalized inequality? This relates most to EQUALITY OF OUTCOMES because this area is where the law has its most flaws. Although everyone might have the same opportunity not everyone is able to understand that system. For example unskilled migrants who come to Australia looking for a better life think Australia has equal everything†¦true but its not equal if you don’t understand it and aren’t familiar with it. For example: if you come from a non – English speaking background to Australia and get into trouble with the law or are being framed or a victim of fraud and exploitation how are you going to access the law and legal representation if you cant speak the language and don’t understand the system. Therefore not an equal opportunity.

Appraisal Questionnaire Essay

1. Introduction Explain the purpose and structure. The performance appraisal is an opportunity to discuss on performance related issues, give clear feedback and reach a mutual agreement on objectives and what can be improved, finalising with a plan for further development. †¢ How do you think your performance was over the past six months – from December to May so I can a feedback from you and then have a discussion on that. †¢ What has gone well and what do you think was success for the period? 2. Measure on performance. 2.1. Areas of responsibilities/ Company business goals. †¢ Do you understand the targets and how to achieve them and how they comply with the company business goals: 2.2. Confirm what successful issues were. †¢ Will you summarise what do you mark as your personal success in regard of your responsibilities? 2.3 Areas that need improvement/ Behind target †¢ Which are according to you the areas of performance that need improvement? †¢ What factors have an impact on your performance? †¢ Do you think you may need any assistance and further couching? †¢ Are you ready to meet new challenges? 2.4.Offer support †¢ Is there anything you would like us to do in order to support you? †¢ Do you think regular reviews (one to ones) will be beneficial to your work? †¢ Can we offer you counselling or some other support? 3. Job satisfaction †¢ What gives you most satisfaction in work? †¢ Are there any ways we can improve your job satisfaction? (environment improvement, technical assistance, providing opportunity to develop in a specific area†¦) †¢ Are there any new areas you feel you want to improve? 4. Agree on an action plan – Meeting to discuss on specific trainings – Counselling from line manager – Monthly reviews/one to ones to discuss results, difficulties, needs for further counselling. – New objectives 5. Positive finish. We’d like to encourage your personal performance and I will advise for a further personal development in a new direction. Analysing your strengths and implementing the agreed plan for improvement I believe you will achieve the targets placed. You can rely on my assistance and advice. I will make sure you will have a copy of the documents and all the points we agreed on and the action plan for further development.

Benchmarking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Benchmarking - Assignment Example kinds of statistical data such as sales records and stock inventory management data in order to reflect what is really happening within a certain business, and, consequently, to assist those who have invested in the business or run the business to make important decisions regarding the business. The measure of central tendency chosen for this work is the statistical or sample mean. The sample mean is very useful in determining the likelihood of an outcome such as predicting sales patterns, this is very important in guiding the management at Books R Us in decision making. Some of the decisions to be made may pertain to investing in new technologies, reducing or increasing the resources allocated to the sales team at Books R Us Considering the data set provided pertaining to Books R Us and the need to know if the sales performance at Books R Us is good or not, the average sales made by the business in every schools in district, the average number of students per district, the average family incomes in every district, the average amount spent per pupil and the average percentage of families receiving welfare are some of the highly significant variables that ought to be brought into perspective. The measure of central tendency chosen (the sample mean) will be calculated for each of the variables identified above as critical in assessing the sales performance at Books R Us. The total values for each variable will be added first, and then divided with the total number of items recorded for each variable. The resulting means (for each variable) will then be used in sales assessment in at Books R Us through constant comparison in the following ways: Can help determine the purchasing power families have .Compared with the first two variables, this can be used to assess sales performance with regard to pricing of books and can be used to guide decisions on how books are priced in particular districts Can help determine the purchasing power families have .Compared with